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Gene - The biologic unit of heredity. A gene is composed of DNA. Genes make up chromosomes.

Gene therapy - A treatment in which genetic information is either introduced, amplified, or deleted from cells.

Gleason score - A numerical value given to prostate cancers that quantitates tumor grade. Scores are assigned to the most common pattern of cancer as well as the second most common. Scores for each pattern range from 1 to 5. A score of 1 denotes a cancer that closely resembles benign or normal tissue. A score of 5 is assigned to cancers that appear aggressive and differ significantly from benign tissue.

Growth factors - Protein signaling molecules, similar in structure and activity to the protein hormones, which usually act in a paracrine or autocrine fashion to regulate cell growth and differentiation.

*  This information is not intended to substitute for a consultation with a urologist. It is offered to educate patients on the basis of urological conditions in order to get the most out of their office visits and consultations. Please see our web page disclaimer for addition information.

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